Wrench



Aug. 11, 1 931. F. A. DEVEREAUX WRENCH Filed Aug. 10, 1929 Mum 1 5% VIII. m

M mmmmmw Patented Aug. 11, 1931 ij'JFRANCIS A. DEVEREAU'X, F ANOKA, MINNESOTA, A SSIGNO R TO OF ANOKA, MINNESOTA UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE BERTRAND. P. IvLURPHY,

WRENCH It is the object of this invention to provide a novel and improved wrench of cheap and simple construction having co-operating,

fixed and movable jaws at one end thereof,

to receive nuts and bolts of various sizes, which wrench can be readily held in one hand of an operator for use, and which jaws can be adjusted relative to each other without rel'o moving the hand from the wrench.

To this end, the invention consists in the novel parts and novel combinations of parts, hereinafter defined in the claims and described in the following specification, made in connection with the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference characters refer to the same or similar parts throughout the various views, and, in which,

Fig. 1 is a side view of the wrench;

Fig. 2 is an edge view of the wrench;

Fig. 3 is a longitudinal section taken on the line 3-3 of Fig. 1, as indicated by the arrows;

Fig. 4 is a section taken on the line 4-4 Fig. 1, and Fig. 5 is a section taken on the line 5-5 of Fig. 1.

Referring to the drawings, the wrench consists essentially of five parts, a stationary member 6, a movable member ber 6 may be considered to be divided up into a handle shank 6a, a narrow and widened bearing portion 66 joining the forward end of the handle shank 6a and fixed jaw 60 j oining the forward and left end of the bearing portion 6?), as viewed in Fig. 1 of the drawings. The shank 6a has a circular opening 6d at its rear end which serves to lighten the wrench and provide a convenient means for permitting the wrench to be hung up on a hook or the like, and forwardly from the opening 603 a long slot 66 is preferably pro- .vided in the shank 6a to also lighten the wrench and to aid in the ease of the manufacture of the wrench. Forwardly from the slot 66, a substantially rectangular-shaped opening 6 is provided in the shank 6a and the nut 9 is situated within this opening, the nut being provided with a knurled surface "5 which are adjustable to and from each other 7, 'a screw 8, a nut 9 and a pin 10. The stationary mem- Application filed August 10, 1929. 'SeriaI No. 384,961.

to permit the same being readily turned by the thumb or finger of the operator. The opening 6f joins a forwardly extending slot 69 which runs fromthe opening 6; forwardly into the bearing portion 66 of the stationary member and is widened at its forward end. The screw 8 fits within the opening 6g and runs through the nut 9 and is provided at its forward end with a widened and fiattened head carrying the cross pin 10, the said widened head fitting within the widened forward portion of the slot 6g. To permit longitudinal movement of the screw 8 relative to the shank 6a, the longitudinal opening 65 is provided in the shank 6a and in order that this opening may be readily bored, the openings 625 are provided in the rear end of the shank. The axial center line of the screw-'8 is preferably coincident with the longitudinal center lineof the shank 6a and extending diagonally relative to the said axial center line of the screw 8 and at what may be considered an acute angle thereto, are ribs 6 formed on the bearing portion 6?) and projecting therefrom. The ribs 67' I may, roughly speaking, accordingly, be considered as extending diagonally relative to the shank and at an acute angle thereto. As was stated, the bearing portionfib is quite narrow relative to-the shank 6a and is also quite narrow relative to the aw 60 and, accordingly, shoulders 67c and 61 are formed on the two sides of the member 6 at the point of juncture between the shank 6a and the bearing portion 66 and the jaw 60 and the bearing portion 6?),

respectively. The shoulders 67c and 6i extend parallel to the ribs 6y for a purpose presently to appear. The forward right hand edge 6m of the bearing portion'6b, as seen in Fig. 1. also extends parallel to the ribs 67', while the active edge of the jaw 60 extends at right angles to the ribs 63'. 1

The movable member 7 consists of a movable jaw 7a adapted to co-operate with the fixed jaw 60 and extending parallel thereto, and the movable member also included a Wide bearing portion 7 b joining the movable jaw 7a and formed in two parts to straddle and bear against the bearing portion 6?) of the fixed member 6. Diagonal grooves 7 0 are across the stationary member.

provided in the bearing portion 71) of the movable member to receive the ribs 6y and the rear edge 7d of the bearing portion 61) extends parallel to the ribs 67' and bears against the shoulders 670. The forward left hand edge 7 of the bearing portion 7d also extends parallel to. the ribs 67'. and is adapted: to. bear against the shoulders 61 at certain times during the movement of the movable member e dge f between the two straddling sections'of the bearing portion 7?) of the movable member also extends parallel to the ribs Gj and is adapted to bear against the forward right hand edge 6m of the bearing portion 6?) of the stationary member, as best shownin Fig. 1. It will thus be seen that practically all surfaces of the bearing portion 7]) of the movable member either. bear directly against or are adapted to bear directly against portions of the bearing portion 6]) of the stationary member. 7

To receive the ends of the cross pin 10, diagonal gnideway slots '59. are cut in the bearing portion 7 b. of the movable member 7. The slots. 79 are set at'an obtuse angle relative to. the longitudinal axial center of the screw 8 and the handle shank 6a, and preferably this angle will equal the acute angle formed between the ribs and; the axial longitudinal center'line of the screw 8 and the shank 6a plus 90 degrees. Roughly speaking, the g-u-ideway slots 6 extend di agonally relative to. the handle shank 6a and in a. direction generally opposite to. the direc:

tion. of extension ofthe ribs Gj. In the form of the invention illustrated, the acute angle formed between the ribs 61;} and the axial center line of thefscrew 8. and shank 6a is 22%. degrees, while the obtuse. angle formed bet-ween slots 7.9 and the axial-center line of the screw 8 and shank 6a is 112 degrees. It is possible, of course, to change. these an gles as. desired.

In use, the wrench will be grasped with one hand of the operator about the handle,

shank 6a; The operator can then adjust the spacing between the. j aws 60 and'la by merely turning the nut 9 with the thumb of the.

hand grasping the wrench. As the hat 9; is turned, the screw of the shank, thereby moving: the pin 10 in the slots 7g and causing themovable member 7. to slide diagonally of the bearing portion 63b ofstationary member 6; along a line parallel: to the ribs 6g. Due to the fact that; the obtuse angle formed between the slots 7g and. the longitudinal center'line of the screw 8 and: shank 6a. equals the acute angle formed between theribs 6 and the longitudinal center line of; the screwfi and shank 6a, plus 90 degree he. movable member 7 may be moved with equal facility in either direc? tion to widen the spacing; between the j aws k 6,0: and 7a or tonarrow 8 will move longitudinally the spa ing erebe,

tween. The wrench can accordingly be adjusted to fit nuts and bolts of various sizes by use of only one hand of the operator, i. e., the hand grasping the wrench. As practically all portions of the movable member 7 bear against. portions on the fixed member 6, it will be seen that when the jaws are adjusted, a very strong wrench will be formed and the movable jaw 7a will not yield in any direction as the wrench isused on'a nut-or bolt. The jaws can, accordingly, be adjusted relative to each other with fine accuracy and will hold their position without movement when so adjusted.

The wrench has been amply demonstrated in actual practice, and has been foundto. be

very successful for the purposes intended;

It is, of course, within the scope of the pres.- ent invention, to reverse certain of the parts on the stationary and movable members? i It will, of course, be understood that vari ous changes may be made in the form, de-. tails, arrangement and proportions of the various parts without departing from the scope of the present invention.

K "What is. claimed is 1. A wrench. comprising a stationary member having a handle shank, a bearing POE: tion at one end of said shank, and a fixed jlaw secured to. said bearing portion, amovable member having a movable jaw and a bearing portion fitting against the bearing portion of said stationary member and movable;

of said shank to slide said; movable member. on said stationary member and vary the spacing between said two jaws.

2-, A wrench comprising a stationary memberhaviing a handle shank, a bearing portion at one end of, said shank and'a fixed jaw se cured to said bearing portion, a movable member havinga movable jaw and a bearing portion fitting against, the bearing portion of said stationary member and movable, thereacross, a rib. on, one of said bearing por-.

tions and, extending diagonally relative to said shank, the other ofi'said bearing portions having a co-operating groove Within which saidribis received, said movable memb'er' having a guideway therein. extending diagonally relative to? said shank and in a direction generally opposite; the direction of extension of said rib relative to said-shank,

a member having a portion fitting within said. guideway, and means for moving said last mentioned member substantially longitudinally of said shank to slide said movable member on said fixed member and vary the spacing between said two jaws.

3. A wrench comprising a stationary member having a handle shank and a fixed jaw secured to one end of the same, a movable member having a movable jaw and mounted for sliding movement across said stationary member, means for confining the movement of said movable member across the stationary member in a direction extending at an acute angle relative to the length ofsaid shank. said movable member having a guideway therein extending at an obtuse angle relative to thelength of said shank, said obtuse angle equalling said acute angle plus a right angle, a member having a portion fitting within said guideway and means for moving said last mentioned member substantially longitudinally of said shank to slide said movable member on said stationary member to vary the spacing between said two jaws.

4. A wrench comprising a stationary member having a handle shank, a bearing portion at one end of said shank and a fixed jaw fixed to said bearing portion, a movable member having a movable jaw and a bearing portion straddling the bearing portion of said stationary member, co-operating means on said two bearing portions confining the movement of said movable member on said stationary member in a diagonal direction relative to the length of saidshank, a slot diagonal in the bearing portion of said movable member extending generally opposite to the direction of movement of the movable member, a pin working within said slot, a screw secured to said pin and extending longitudinally of said shank and a thumb nut mounted in said shank and through which said screw works.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature.

FRANCIS A. DEVEREAUX. 

